The system
theory of Zampa [1] gives the framework for the
analysis of information provided by the measurement. It explains the crucial
importance of the system model for understanding of measurement in dynamic
systems. Crucial term in this respect is the complete immediate cause of the consequence
where k and i demarcate time instants at which the measurement is performed and l and j are time instants which make provision for the causality between measurements.
In many
technical systems, i.e. electrical or mechanical, we have rather good models
which enable us both to determine the extent of time needed for determination
of the and
to analyze the causality within intervals between measurements. Non-linear
dynamical system may also reach recurrent behaviour
which may be in ergodic state [2, 3] or, in other words, be Lyapunov
stable [4].
In the physico-chemical equilibrium systems we assume no system memory, the state of the system does not depend on the path by which it was achieved, i.e.
Biological systems are not in chemical equilibrium and we also do not have good models for their time evolution. They are dynamical self-organized systems, structured outside equilibrium, and for their time evolution we may refer to qualitative simplified models of time evolution of cellular automata [5]. We consider travel through the zone of attraction along which a few well defined, common and structured states are visited and observed. Biological systems such as living cells are re-started before achievement of the recurrent / ergodic state, higher organisms evolve more freely and are “alive” only through their offsprings. Consequences of these findings for measurement in self-organised systems and adequate models will be shown and solutions for adequate reporting of biological systems will be shown [6]. Our findings also explain sources of inconsistences and irreproducibilities in contemporary biology [7, 8].
This work was financially supported by Postdok JU CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0006, by the GAJU 134/2013/Z and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic projects CENAKVA (No. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0024) and CENAKVA II (No. LO1205 under the NPU I program).