KINEMATICAL DIFFRACTION BY DISTORTED CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND AND APPLICATION

P. Klimanek

Freiberg University of Mining and Technology, Institute of Physical Metallurgy, D - 09 596 Freiberg/Sa., Germany

Keywords: Kinematical scattering theory, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, single-crystal scattering, polycrystal diffraction, lattice disorder, substructure analysis, microstructural inhomogeneity, lattice disorientations

Because it can easily be related to the microstructure characteristics of both single crystals or polycrystalline objects and well be used for a statistically reliable, quantitative analysis of structure - process and/or structure - property interrelations even in heavily distorted materials, kinematical diffraction of X-rays (or neutrons) by imperfect crystal structures is now an important and powerful tool of solid state analytics. Following basic work especially of Hosemann & Bagchi [1], Guinier [2], Warren [3,4], and Krivoglaz et al. [5,6] on single-crystal scattering and and some own considerations concerning the diffraction phenomena of real polycrystals [7-9], the lecture gives a brief survey over the present state of the formalism of the kinematical scattering theory and the microstructure models available for a physically realistic interpretation of diffraction data. After reference to some (in the meantime) traditional applications of kinematical X-ray scattering in the analysis of lattice disorder, its performance power for the analysis of complicated defect structures is illustrated by

• determination of dislocation-induced lattice disorientations (microtextures) occurring in as -grown or plastically deformed single crystals (or individual crystallites of polycrystals, respectively),
• investigation of texture-related microstructural inhomogeneity in polycrystalline bulk materials, and
• analysis of microstructure - property interrelations and the stability of defect structures in thin layers and coatings.
  

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