ATOMIC RESOLUTION STUDIES OF THE BINDING OF ANTITUMOUR ACRIDINES TO DNA DUPLEXES

Alan K. Todd1, Adrienne Adams2, James H. Thorpe1, William A. Denny3, and Christine J. Cardin1

1Chemistry Department, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, U.K.,
2Biochemistry Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
cFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, NZ

Keywords : DNA, cancer, drugs, MAD, acridine

DACA is an antitumour agent currently undergoing clinical trials in the UK, which is known to inhibit both topoisomerases I and II. It is known to be an intercalator but up till now the orientation of the crucial sidechain has been the subject of controversy.

DACA derivatives

1 = DACA X=H, Y=H, Z=X
2 = 6Br,9NH2 X=H, Y=Br, Z=NH2
3 = 5Br,9NH2 X=Br, Y=H, Z=NH2,
4 = 9NH2 X=H, Y=H, Z = NH2

We have carried out, to atomic and near-atomic resolution, the first structural studies on the binding of members of the DACA family of drugs to DNA duplexes. Using the DNA duplex sequence d(CG(5-BrU)ACG)2 and 9-amino-5-bromo-DACA (3) we have solved the structure using MAD methodology and refined it to 1.2 . We have shown that the 4-carboxamide sidechain is located in the major groove in all cases so far. The precise hydrogen bonding pattern has so far been slightly different for each drug examined (2-4), and depends on the pKa of the acridine N10 as well as the steric bulk of the substituents. The structures were solved in P31, a highly diffracting form which seems only to be obtained due to an interduplex hydrogen bond formed by the 9-NH2 group. Results obtained to date with DACA itself (1) will also be reported at the meeting. Topoisomerases I and II are both enzymes for which structural information is now available, and it may be possible to draw some conclusions useful in drug design.

Submission information

Group session intended for

Biological

Contact details for author responsible for the submission:

Name>>Christine Cardin

Address>>Chemistry Dept., University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD

Telephone>>0118-9318215

Fax>>0118-9316632

email>>c.j.cardin@reading.ac.uk