Schrodinger and Dirac equation, wave functions, boundary conditions, density
matrix,
Many particle systems
Symmetry of wave function, Pauli principle, second quantization, bosons,
fermions
equations. Variational principle.
Interaction of quantum systems with
electromagnetic radiation
Photon absorption and emission. Stimulated and spontaneous emission.
Einstein coefficients. Fermi golden rule. Selection rules, natural linewidth.
Criteria of their application. Statistical quantities. Chemical potential.
Extensive. Intensive. Thermodynamical potentials. State variables.
Occupation numbers, limit cases: Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac
distribution.
Fermions
and bosons at low temperatures
Pauli paramagnetism, Bose-Einstein condensation.
Phase
transitions
1st and 2nd order, Landau theory, critical phenomena
Non-equlibrium processes in condensed matter
Markov process, master equation, linear response, fluctuation-dissipation
theorem.
Structure and microstructure of
condensed systems
Point and translational symmetry, reciprocal space,
bonds, real structure of materials and methods of its determination – X-ray
and neutron scattering, electron microscopy, AFM, acoustic methods, NMR, PAC, Mössbauer
spectroscopy, positron annihilation, mSR.
PhononsLattice
vibrations, thermal properties of crystals, Debye and Einstein model, specific
heat, thermal expansion – experimental methods of measurements of the
quantities, infrared and
Raman spectroscopy.
Electronic
and atomic structure and interactions in condensed systems
Electrons in solid state: free electrons, band structure, density of states,
Fermi energy and Fermi surfaces, metals and semiconductors, methods of
calculating and measuring electronic states – PES, LEED, Auger etc.). Spin
hamiltonian, hyperfine interactions.
Metals and semiconductors
Band structure, transport properties, electron-phonon interactions,
quasiparticles, scattering mechanisms. Surfaces and interfaces, p-n transitions.
Mechanical properties of metals, elasticity and plasticity.
Dielecrics and ferroelectrics
Dielecrical fuction, Clausius-Mossotti equation, electron and ion
polarization-frequency dependence, oscillator strength, classification of
ferroelectrics, soft mode, experimental methods of measurements of permitivity
and structural phase transitions.
Magnetism
Magnetic moments and interactions; magnetic properties of materials. Origin and
character of magnetic ordering. Magnetism of low-dimensional systems. Nuclear
magnetism. Experimental methods of studies of magnetic properties: macroscopic
and microscopic methods, direct and indirect methods.
Physics of condensed systems at low temperatures, superconductivity, superfluidity
N. W. Ashcroft, N. D. Mermin: Solid State Physics. Sounders Coll. Publishing, Philadelphia 1988.
B. Barbara, D. Gignoux, C. Vettier: Lectures on Modern Magnetism. Springer–Verlag, Berlin 1988.
E. W. Cahn, E. Lifshin: Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1993.
H. Ibach, H. Luth: Solid–State Physics. Springer–Verlag, Berlin 1991.
C. Kittel: Introduction to Solid State Physics, vydání po roce 2003.
P. Kratochvíl, P. Lukáč, B. Sprušil: Úvod do fyziky kovů I. SNTL, Praha 1984.
R. Kužel, M. Saxlová, J. Šternberk: Úvod do fyziky kovů II. SNTL, Praha 1985.
S. Šafrata a kol.: Fyzika nízkých teplot. Matfyzpress, Praha 1998.
V. Valvoda, M. Polcarová, P. Lukáč: Základy strukturní analýzy. Karolinum, Praha 1992.
J. M. Ziman: Principles of the Theory of Solids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1965.
K. H. J. Buschow, R. W. Cahn, M. C. Flemings, B. Ilschner, E. J. Kramer, S. Mahajan: The Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology. Pergamon Press, Oxford 2001.